02872naa a2200373 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400270006010000180008724501510010526000090025650000750026552017450034065000290208565000100211465000140212465000120213865300140215065300230216465300140218765300210220165300280222265300140225070000140226470000180227870000150229670000170231170000180232870000180234670000180236470000160238270000200239877300800241810584742019-10-09       2018    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.3855/jidc.97512DOI1 aGIANNITTI, F.  aMycobacterium paratuberculosis sheep type strain in UruguaybEvidence for a wider geographic distribution in South America.h[electronic resource]  c2018  aArticle history: Received 11 September 2017 // Accepted 15 March 2018.  aAbstract: Johne?s disease (JD) is an economically important disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), which also infects other species including humans. Two major MAP strain types are currently recognized: sheep (S) and cattle (C) types. Information on JD prevalence and MAP types infecting small ruminants in South America is limited, and all but one of the MAP types reported from this region are of the C type. This study describes clinicopathological, molecular and microbiological findings in 11 cases of JD caused by a type S MAP strain, and estimated true within-flock prevalence in a ~735-sheep operation in Uruguay. Postmortem examination and histology (hematoxylin-eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen stains) of samples from 41 selected sheep revealed lymphohistiocytic/granulomatous enteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis in 11 animals, with moderate/severe multibacillary lesions in 6 clinical cases, and minimal/mild paucibacillary lesions in 5 sub-clinical cases. Immunohistochemistry using an antibody against Mycobacterium bovis that cross-reacts with MAP (2 cases), and transmission electron microscopy (1 case), revealed myriads of intrahistiocytic mycobacteria. MAP was isolated in one case and detected by PCR in 6 cases. The S type of MAP was identified using a multiplex PCR that distinguishes between S and C types, and PCR-REA. The estimated true within-flock prevalence was ? 2.3%. This represents the first communication on within-flock prevalence of JD associated with a type S MAP strain in South America and the second documentation of this strain in the subcontinent. Additional studies are required to better understand the molecular epidemiology of the different MAP types in the region.  aENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS  aOVEJA  aRUMIANTES  aURUGUAY  aENTERITIS  aINFECTIOUS DISEASE  aLIVESTOCK  aPARATUBERCULOSIS  aPLATAFORMA SALUD ANIMAL  aRUMINANTS1 aFRAGA, M.1 aCAFFARENA, D.1 aSCHILD, C.1 aBANCHERO, G.1 aARMIÉN, A.G.1 aTRAVERÍA, G.1 aMARTHALER, D.1 aWELLS, S.J.1 aRIET-CORREA, F.  tJournal of Infection in Developing Countriesgv. 12, n. 3, p.190-195, 2018.