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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha : |
16/08/2016 |
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Actualizado : |
16/11/2020 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Autor : |
ZOPPOLO, R.; SCATONI, I.B.; DUARTE, F.; MUJICA, V.; GABARD, Z. |
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Afiliación : |
ROBERTO JOSE ZOPPOLO GOLDSCHMIDT, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; IRIS BEATRIZ SCATONI, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Agronomía; FELICIA DUARTE, MGAP/ DGSA (Dirección General de Servicios Agricolas); MARIA VALENTINA MUJICA TELIZ, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; ZULMA GABARD, MGAP/ DIGEGRA (Dirección General de la Granja, Ex-JUNAGRA). |
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Título : |
Area-wide pest management in deciduous fruits of southern Uruguay. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2016 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Acta Horticulturae, 2016, no. 1137, p. 153-160. |
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DOI : |
http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1137.21 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Proc. International Symposium on Innovation in Integrated and Organic Horticulture (INNOHORT). Eds.: S. Bellon et al. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Fruit production in southern Uruguay takes place mostly in orchards with an average area of 7 ha and creates a diverse landscape due to multispecies planting. Since the 1990s, researchers have been addressing the control of major pests in deciduous fruit production within Integrated Pest Management (IPM) guidelines. The mating disruption (MD) method has been relatively successful against both the codling moth (Cydia pomonella - CM) and the oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta - OFM) at the farm level. To improve results, an area-wide approach was initiated and, with the participation of the agricultural cooperative JUMECAL, a local plan was implemented covering up to 300 ha during the 2012 growing season. That year, a program to cover over 2100 ha was designed. After two more seasons of successful control, and with increasing grower participation aiming for full coverage to include all neighboring orchards, the program presently includes 3563 ha, nearly 85% of the commercial production area. The system involves 360 growers, and almost 70 scouts that assess damage in the field, follow the insect populations through pheromone traps, and register pesticide applications. Our results show that over 95% of the area counts less than 0.5% of the damage from lepidopteran pests (CM, OFM and two South American leaf rollers) and a reduction of insecticide use. Many growers even obtain very good results with only one insecticide spray. These changes bring about new balances within the fruit production system, with some secondary pests decreasing while the economic importance of others increases. This has set new challenges for managing certain pests and developing alternative tactics to replace conventional insecticides. Current results, changes in the program design and future projections are presented and discussed.
© ISHS MenosABSTRACT.
Fruit production in southern Uruguay takes place mostly in orchards with an average area of 7 ha and creates a diverse landscape due to multispecies planting. Since the 1990s, researchers have been addressing the control of major pests in deciduous fruit production within Integrated Pest Management (IPM) guidelines. The mating disruption (MD) method has been relatively successful against both the codling moth (Cydia pomonella - CM) and the oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta - OFM) at the farm level. To improve results, an area-wide approach was initiated and, with the participation of the agricultural cooperative JUMECAL, a local plan was implemented covering up to 300 ha during the 2012 growing season. That year, a program to cover over 2100 ha was designed. After two more seasons of successful control, and with increasing grower participation aiming for full coverage to include all neighboring orchards, the program presently includes 3563 ha, nearly 85% of the commercial production area. The system involves 360 growers, and almost 70 scouts that assess damage in the field, follow the insect populations through pheromone traps, and register pesticide applications. Our results show that over 95% of the area counts less than 0.5% of the damage from lepidopteran pests (CM, OFM and two South American leaf rollers) and a reduction of insecticide use. Many growers even obtain very good results with only one insecticide spray. These changes bring about new balances... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
CODING MOTH; MATING DISRUPTION; ORIENTAL MOTH; POME FRUITS; STONE FRUITS. |
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Thesagro : |
FRUTALES; FRUTAS DE HUESO; FRUTAS DE PEPITA. |
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Asunto categoría : |
-- |
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Marc : |
LEADER 02774naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1055275
005 2020-11-16
008 2016 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1137.21$2DOI
100 1 $aZOPPOLO, R.
245 $aArea-wide pest management in deciduous fruits of southern Uruguay.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2016
500 $aProc. International Symposium on Innovation in Integrated and Organic Horticulture (INNOHORT). Eds.: S. Bellon et al.
520 $aABSTRACT. Fruit production in southern Uruguay takes place mostly in orchards with an average area of 7 ha and creates a diverse landscape due to multispecies planting. Since the 1990s, researchers have been addressing the control of major pests in deciduous fruit production within Integrated Pest Management (IPM) guidelines. The mating disruption (MD) method has been relatively successful against both the codling moth (Cydia pomonella - CM) and the oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta - OFM) at the farm level. To improve results, an area-wide approach was initiated and, with the participation of the agricultural cooperative JUMECAL, a local plan was implemented covering up to 300 ha during the 2012 growing season. That year, a program to cover over 2100 ha was designed. After two more seasons of successful control, and with increasing grower participation aiming for full coverage to include all neighboring orchards, the program presently includes 3563 ha, nearly 85% of the commercial production area. The system involves 360 growers, and almost 70 scouts that assess damage in the field, follow the insect populations through pheromone traps, and register pesticide applications. Our results show that over 95% of the area counts less than 0.5% of the damage from lepidopteran pests (CM, OFM and two South American leaf rollers) and a reduction of insecticide use. Many growers even obtain very good results with only one insecticide spray. These changes bring about new balances within the fruit production system, with some secondary pests decreasing while the economic importance of others increases. This has set new challenges for managing certain pests and developing alternative tactics to replace conventional insecticides. Current results, changes in the program design and future projections are presented and discussed. © ISHS
650 $aFRUTALES
650 $aFRUTAS DE HUESO
650 $aFRUTAS DE PEPITA
653 $aCODING MOTH
653 $aMATING DISRUPTION
653 $aORIENTAL MOTH
653 $aPOME FRUITS
653 $aSTONE FRUITS
700 1 $aSCATONI, I.B.
700 1 $aDUARTE, F.
700 1 $aMUJICA, V.
700 1 $aGABARD, Z.
773 $tActa Horticulturae, 2016, no. 1137, p. 153-160.
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INIA Las Brujas (LB) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Treinta y Tres. |
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Fecha actual : |
21/05/2020 |
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Actualizado : |
10/03/2021 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
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Autor : |
QUIÑONES, A.; LATTANZI, F.; SALDAIN, N.E.; LEZAMA, F. |
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Afiliación : |
AMPARO QUIÑONES DELLEPIANE, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FERNANDO A. LATTANZI, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; NÉSTOR ELIO SALDAIN CROCCE, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FELIPE LEZAMA, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, UY. |
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Título : |
Weed control in natural grasslands: A case study using a perennial native forb from the South American Campos. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Austral Ecology, November 2020, vol 45 (7), p. 909-920. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12904 |
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DOI : |
10.1111/aec.12904 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Accepted for publication April 2020. Published November 2020. |
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Contenido : |
Abstract
Management of native weeds in natural grasslands is a challenging task. Often, recommendations are based on short?term studies of the response of weed cover and density to different control methods. However, perennial species well adapted to disturbances typically recover from commonly used control techniques. In this long?term study, we focused on a rosette native to the South American Campos : Eryngium horridum Malme (Apiaceae). This plant is strongly avoided by cattle due to its spiny leaves and tends to form dense patches, reducing the available grazing area. We aimed at understanding how key demographic processes, such as size?related plant survival and seedling establishment, are affected by different control treatments. For this, E. horridum cover, density and size structure were assessed over three years in response to mechanical, chemical and integrated (mechanical + chemical) control methods. In a field experiment, we used a weighted rim and a wiper applicator with 2,4?D + picloram for the mechanical and chemical control, respectively. Cover was reduced by control treatments (?control phase?), but this was not sustained in the long term (?recovery phase?). Regardless of the method used, control success was closely related to effects on population size structure. Mortality was high and rapid in large rosettes, which effectively led to a rapid and widespread cover reduction in all control treatments. However, only herbicide reduced rosette density delaying the recovery phase. Seedling density was low during the experimental period and scarcely affected by treatments. We conclude that cover reduction depends on removing all large rosettes, but recovery is related both to the size of the remaining pool of small rosettes and to the ability of buried rhizomes to resprout. Finally, we highlight the importance of finding a balance between productive goals and biodiversity conservation. In that context, integrated control successfully reduced cover, delayed recovery and minimised the amount of herbicide used. MenosAbstract
Management of native weeds in natural grasslands is a challenging task. Often, recommendations are based on short?term studies of the response of weed cover and density to different control methods. However, perennial species well adapted to disturbances typically recover from commonly used control techniques. In this long?term study, we focused on a rosette native to the South American Campos : Eryngium horridum Malme (Apiaceae). This plant is strongly avoided by cattle due to its spiny leaves and tends to form dense patches, reducing the available grazing area. We aimed at understanding how key demographic processes, such as size?related plant survival and seedling establishment, are affected by different control treatments. For this, E. horridum cover, density and size structure were assessed over three years in response to mechanical, chemical and integrated (mechanical + chemical) control methods. In a field experiment, we used a weighted rim and a wiper applicator with 2,4?D + picloram for the mechanical and chemical control, respectively. Cover was reduced by control treatments (?control phase?), but this was not sustained in the long term (?recovery phase?). Regardless of the method used, control success was closely related to effects on population size structure. Mortality was high and rapid in large rosettes, which effectively led to a rapid and widespread cover reduction in all control treatments. However, only herbicide reduced rosette density delaying t... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
DEMOGRAPHY; ESPECIES INDESEABLES; GRASSLAND; RIO DE LA PLATA GRASSLANDS; UNDESIRABLE SPECIES; URUGUAY. |
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Thesagro : |
CONTROL DE MALEZAS; FORRAJES; PASTURAS. |
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Asunto categoría : |
-- |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03002naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1061066
005 2021-03-10
008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1111/aec.12904$2DOI
100 1 $aQUIÑONES, A.
245 $aWeed control in natural grasslands$bA case study using a perennial native forb from the South American Campos.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2020
500 $aArticle history: Accepted for publication April 2020. Published November 2020.
520 $aAbstract Management of native weeds in natural grasslands is a challenging task. Often, recommendations are based on short?term studies of the response of weed cover and density to different control methods. However, perennial species well adapted to disturbances typically recover from commonly used control techniques. In this long?term study, we focused on a rosette native to the South American Campos : Eryngium horridum Malme (Apiaceae). This plant is strongly avoided by cattle due to its spiny leaves and tends to form dense patches, reducing the available grazing area. We aimed at understanding how key demographic processes, such as size?related plant survival and seedling establishment, are affected by different control treatments. For this, E. horridum cover, density and size structure were assessed over three years in response to mechanical, chemical and integrated (mechanical + chemical) control methods. In a field experiment, we used a weighted rim and a wiper applicator with 2,4?D + picloram for the mechanical and chemical control, respectively. Cover was reduced by control treatments (?control phase?), but this was not sustained in the long term (?recovery phase?). Regardless of the method used, control success was closely related to effects on population size structure. Mortality was high and rapid in large rosettes, which effectively led to a rapid and widespread cover reduction in all control treatments. However, only herbicide reduced rosette density delaying the recovery phase. Seedling density was low during the experimental period and scarcely affected by treatments. We conclude that cover reduction depends on removing all large rosettes, but recovery is related both to the size of the remaining pool of small rosettes and to the ability of buried rhizomes to resprout. Finally, we highlight the importance of finding a balance between productive goals and biodiversity conservation. In that context, integrated control successfully reduced cover, delayed recovery and minimised the amount of herbicide used.
650 $aCONTROL DE MALEZAS
650 $aFORRAJES
650 $aPASTURAS
653 $aDEMOGRAPHY
653 $aESPECIES INDESEABLES
653 $aGRASSLAND
653 $aRIO DE LA PLATA GRASSLANDS
653 $aUNDESIRABLE SPECIES
653 $aURUGUAY
700 1 $aLATTANZI, F.
700 1 $aSALDAIN, N.E.
700 1 $aLEZAMA, F.
773 $tAustral Ecology, November 2020, vol 45 (7), p. 909-920. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12904
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