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 | Acceso al texto completo restringido a Biblioteca INIA La Estanzuela. Por información adicional contacte bib_le@inia.org.uy. |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
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Fecha : |
24/02/2021 |
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Actualizado : |
24/02/2021 |
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Autor : |
MENESES, L. |
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Afiliación : |
LUCÍA VALERIA MENESES MEDINA, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, UY. |
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Título : |
Diversidad de endófitos en Bromus auleticus trinus (ex ness): implicancias adaptativas : tesis Magister en Ciencias Agrarias. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Montevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente, 2020. |
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Idioma : |
Español |
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Notas : |
Tesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por Dr. Sandra Lupo, Dr. Leticia Bao y PhD.Clara Pritsch, el 11 de diciembre de 2020. Autora: Ing Agr. Lucía Meneses. Director:PhD Federico Condón, Co-director Dr. Leopoldo Iannone. Tesis de Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Vegetales. |
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Contenido : |
RESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción
disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrapoblacional (9 poblaciones con dos genotipos de endófitos). En total se identificaron nueve genotipos con diferentes capacidades toxicogénicas potenciales. La caracterización química y morfológica de los genotipos permitió inferir a los linajes que les dieron origen. Estos elementos apoyan la hipótesis sobre la presencia de linajes no descriptos aún en esta gramínea hospedera. El ensayo de antibiosis logró identificar la acción antiáfido para
el genotipo productor de lolinas. Este endófito pasa a ser una de las opciones más atractivas a considerar como herramienta en un programa de mejoramiento de Bromus auleticus para obtener cultivares con buenas características agronómicas.
SUMMARY: Fungal endophytes of the genus Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infect temperate grasses.These endophytes may confer their hosts adaptive advantages against stresses, such as herbivory, attributable in part to their ability to produce different classes of alkaloids.
Due to the benefits that hosts receive from their symbiosis, endophytes of this genus have been extensively studied and are considered important components of sustainable agriculture. Despite that, there are few studies on endophytic incidence of native grasses in the southern hemisphere. Here, we present the first nationwide characterization study of native endophytes associated with 83 populations of Bromus
auleticus. This study was conducted using a multifaceted approach that included: i) genetic analysis to identify genotypes by detection of genes associated with alkaloid biosynthesis and mating type, ii) morphological characterization of endophytes with different genotypes isolated in axenic medium, iii) peramine, chanoclavin I and ergovaline expression analysis by HPLC, and iv) antibiosis tests to determine deterrent
action against Rhopalosiphum padi of prevalent endophyte genotypes. Results indicate that 70% of the tested populations were endophyte infected, with seed incidence levels of 16 to 100%. Endophyte diversity was found at both inter- and intra-population levels
(8 populations presented two endophyte genotypes). Overall, nine genotypes with potentially different toxicogenic profiles were identified. Lineages that gave origin to these genotypes were inferred from the chemical and morphological characterization.These findings support the hypothesis of the existence of lineages not yet described in this host grass species. The antibiosis test showed anti-aphid action of the putative
loline-producing genotype. This endophyte constitutes a promising option to be included in Bromus auleticus breeding programs, thus obtaining cultivars with good agronomic characteristics (e.g. resistant to aphids). MenosRESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción
disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrap... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
BIOCONTROL; ENDÓFITOS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; METABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS; NATIVE GRASS; SECIBDARY METABOLITES; SIMBIONTES; SYMBIONTS. |
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Thesagro : |
DIVERSIDAD GENETICA; HONGOS PATOGENOS. |
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Asunto categoría : |
H20 Enfermedades de las plantas |
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Marc : |
LEADER 05299nam a2200241 a 4500
001 1061758
005 2021-02-24
008 2020 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMENESES, L.
245 $aDiversidad de endófitos en Bromus auleticus trinus (ex ness)$bimplicancias adaptativas : tesis Magister en Ciencias Agrarias.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aMontevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente$c2020
500 $aTesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por Dr. Sandra Lupo, Dr. Leticia Bao y PhD.Clara Pritsch, el 11 de diciembre de 2020. Autora: Ing Agr. Lucía Meneses. Director:PhD Federico Condón, Co-director Dr. Leopoldo Iannone. Tesis de Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Vegetales.
520 $aRESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrapoblacional (9 poblaciones con dos genotipos de endófitos). En total se identificaron nueve genotipos con diferentes capacidades toxicogénicas potenciales. La caracterización química y morfológica de los genotipos permitió inferir a los linajes que les dieron origen. Estos elementos apoyan la hipótesis sobre la presencia de linajes no descriptos aún en esta gramínea hospedera. El ensayo de antibiosis logró identificar la acción antiáfido para el genotipo productor de lolinas. Este endófito pasa a ser una de las opciones más atractivas a considerar como herramienta en un programa de mejoramiento de Bromus auleticus para obtener cultivares con buenas características agronómicas. SUMMARY: Fungal endophytes of the genus Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infect temperate grasses.These endophytes may confer their hosts adaptive advantages against stresses, such as herbivory, attributable in part to their ability to produce different classes of alkaloids. Due to the benefits that hosts receive from their symbiosis, endophytes of this genus have been extensively studied and are considered important components of sustainable agriculture. Despite that, there are few studies on endophytic incidence of native grasses in the southern hemisphere. Here, we present the first nationwide characterization study of native endophytes associated with 83 populations of Bromus auleticus. This study was conducted using a multifaceted approach that included: i) genetic analysis to identify genotypes by detection of genes associated with alkaloid biosynthesis and mating type, ii) morphological characterization of endophytes with different genotypes isolated in axenic medium, iii) peramine, chanoclavin I and ergovaline expression analysis by HPLC, and iv) antibiosis tests to determine deterrent action against Rhopalosiphum padi of prevalent endophyte genotypes. Results indicate that 70% of the tested populations were endophyte infected, with seed incidence levels of 16 to 100%. Endophyte diversity was found at both inter- and intra-population levels (8 populations presented two endophyte genotypes). Overall, nine genotypes with potentially different toxicogenic profiles were identified. Lineages that gave origin to these genotypes were inferred from the chemical and morphological characterization.These findings support the hypothesis of the existence of lineages not yet described in this host grass species. The antibiosis test showed anti-aphid action of the putative loline-producing genotype. This endophyte constitutes a promising option to be included in Bromus auleticus breeding programs, thus obtaining cultivars with good agronomic characteristics (e.g. resistant to aphids).
650 $aDIVERSIDAD GENETICA
650 $aHONGOS PATOGENOS
653 $aBIOCONTROL
653 $aENDÓFITOS
653 $aGENETIC DIVERSITY
653 $aMETABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS
653 $aNATIVE GRASS
653 $aSECIBDARY METABOLITES
653 $aSIMBIONTES
653 $aSYMBIONTS
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INIA La Estanzuela (LE) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha actual : |
07/11/2018 |
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Actualizado : |
07/11/2018 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
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Autor : |
CASAL, A.; GARCÍA-ROCHE, M.; NAVAJAS, E.; CASSINA, A.; CARRIQUIRY, M. |
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Afiliación : |
ALBERTO CASAL, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Agronomía; MERCEDES GARCÍA ROCHE, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Agronomía; Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Medicina.; ELLY ANA NAVAJAS VALENTINI, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; ADRIANA CASSINA, Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Medicina.; MARIANA CARRIQUIRY, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Agronomía. |
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Título : |
Hepatic mitochondrial function in Hereford steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotypes. |
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Complemento del título : |
Article. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2018 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Journal of Animal Science, 29 September 2018, volume 96, Issue 10, pages 4431-4443. |
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ISSN : |
1525-3163 |
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DOI : |
10.1093/jas/sky285 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received: 01 March 2018 // Accepted: 11 July 2018 // Published: 19 July 2018. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Variations in phenotypic expression of feed efficiency could be associated with differences or inefficiencies in mitochondria function due to its impact on energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to determine hepatic mitochondrial density and function in terms of respiration, gene and protein expression, and enzyme activity of mitochondrial respiratory complex proteins, in steers of divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes. Hereford steers (n = 111 and n = 122 for year 1 and 2, respectively) were evaluated in postweaning 70 d standard test for RFI. Forty-six steers exhibiting the greatest (n = 9 and 16 for year 1 and 2; high-RFI) and the lowest (n = 9 and 12 for year 1 and 2; low-RFI) RFI values were selected for this study. After the test, steers were managed together until slaughter under grazing conditions until they reached the slaughter body weight. At slaughter, hepatic samples (biopsies) were obtained. Tissue respiration was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry methods. Data were analyzed using a mixed model that included RFI group as fixed effect and slaughter date and year as a random effect using PROC MIXED of SAS. RFI and dry matter intake were different (P < 0.001) between low and high-RFI groups of year 1 and year 2. Basal respiration and maximum respiratory rate were greater (P ? 0.04) for low than high-RFI steers when complex II substrates (succinate) were supplied. However, when Complex I substrates (glutamate/malate) were used maximum respiratory capacity tended to be greater (P < 0.09) for low vs. high-RFI steers. Low-RFI steers presented greater mitochondria density markers (greater (P < 0.05) citrate synthase (CS) activity and tended (P ? 0.08) to have greater CS mRNA and mtDNA:nDNA ratio) than high-RFI steers. Hepatic expression SDHA, UQCRC1, and CYC1 mRNA was greater (P ? 0.02) and expression of NDUFA4, NDUFA13, SDHD, UQCRH, and ATP5E mRNA tended (P ? 0.10) to be greater in low than high-RFI steers. Hepatic SDHA protein expression tended (P < 0.08) to be greater while succinate dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.04) and NADH dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.03) for low than high-RFI steers. High-efficiency steers (low-RFI) probably had greater efficiency in hepatic nutrient metabolism, which was strongly associated with greater hepatic mitochondrial density and functioning, mainly of mitochondrial complex II.
© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.
For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. MenosABSTRACT.
Variations in phenotypic expression of feed efficiency could be associated with differences or inefficiencies in mitochondria function due to its impact on energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to determine hepatic mitochondrial density and function in terms of respiration, gene and protein expression, and enzyme activity of mitochondrial respiratory complex proteins, in steers of divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes. Hereford steers (n = 111 and n = 122 for year 1 and 2, respectively) were evaluated in postweaning 70 d standard test for RFI. Forty-six steers exhibiting the greatest (n = 9 and 16 for year 1 and 2; high-RFI) and the lowest (n = 9 and 12 for year 1 and 2; low-RFI) RFI values were selected for this study. After the test, steers were managed together until slaughter under grazing conditions until they reached the slaughter body weight. At slaughter, hepatic samples (biopsies) were obtained. Tissue respiration was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry methods. Data were analyzed using a mixed model that included RFI group as fixed effect and slaughter date and year as a random effect using PROC MIXED of SAS. RFI and dry matter intake were different (P < 0.001) between low and high-RFI groups of year 1 and year 2. Basal respiration and maximum respiratory rate were greater (P ? 0.04) for low than high-RFI steers when complex II substrates (succinate) were supplied. However, when Complex I substrates (glutamate/malate) were used ... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
BEEF CATTLE; FEED EFFICIENCY; LIVER; MITOCHONDRIA; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L02 Alimentación animal |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03483naa a2200265 a 4500
001 1059279
005 2018-11-07
008 2018 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a1525-3163
024 7 $a10.1093/jas/sky285$2DOI
100 1 $aCASAL, A.
245 $aHepatic mitochondrial function in Hereford steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotypes.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2018
500 $aArticle history: Received: 01 March 2018 // Accepted: 11 July 2018 // Published: 19 July 2018.
520 $aABSTRACT. Variations in phenotypic expression of feed efficiency could be associated with differences or inefficiencies in mitochondria function due to its impact on energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to determine hepatic mitochondrial density and function in terms of respiration, gene and protein expression, and enzyme activity of mitochondrial respiratory complex proteins, in steers of divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes. Hereford steers (n = 111 and n = 122 for year 1 and 2, respectively) were evaluated in postweaning 70 d standard test for RFI. Forty-six steers exhibiting the greatest (n = 9 and 16 for year 1 and 2; high-RFI) and the lowest (n = 9 and 12 for year 1 and 2; low-RFI) RFI values were selected for this study. After the test, steers were managed together until slaughter under grazing conditions until they reached the slaughter body weight. At slaughter, hepatic samples (biopsies) were obtained. Tissue respiration was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry methods. Data were analyzed using a mixed model that included RFI group as fixed effect and slaughter date and year as a random effect using PROC MIXED of SAS. RFI and dry matter intake were different (P < 0.001) between low and high-RFI groups of year 1 and year 2. Basal respiration and maximum respiratory rate were greater (P ? 0.04) for low than high-RFI steers when complex II substrates (succinate) were supplied. However, when Complex I substrates (glutamate/malate) were used maximum respiratory capacity tended to be greater (P < 0.09) for low vs. high-RFI steers. Low-RFI steers presented greater mitochondria density markers (greater (P < 0.05) citrate synthase (CS) activity and tended (P ? 0.08) to have greater CS mRNA and mtDNA:nDNA ratio) than high-RFI steers. Hepatic expression SDHA, UQCRC1, and CYC1 mRNA was greater (P ? 0.02) and expression of NDUFA4, NDUFA13, SDHD, UQCRH, and ATP5E mRNA tended (P ? 0.10) to be greater in low than high-RFI steers. Hepatic SDHA protein expression tended (P < 0.08) to be greater while succinate dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.04) and NADH dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.03) for low than high-RFI steers. High-efficiency steers (low-RFI) probably had greater efficiency in hepatic nutrient metabolism, which was strongly associated with greater hepatic mitochondrial density and functioning, mainly of mitochondrial complex II. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
653 $aBEEF CATTLE
653 $aFEED EFFICIENCY
653 $aLIVER
653 $aMITOCHONDRIA
653 $aOXYGEN CONSUMPTION
700 1 $aGARCÍA-ROCHE, M.
700 1 $aNAVAJAS, E.
700 1 $aCASSINA, A.
700 1 $aCARRIQUIRY, M.
773 $tJournal of Animal Science, 29 September 2018, volume 96, Issue 10, pages 4431-4443.
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