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 | Acceso al texto completo restringido a Biblioteca INIA La Estanzuela. Por información adicional contacte bib_le@inia.org.uy. |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
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Fecha : |
05/04/2022 |
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Actualizado : |
12/04/2022 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Tesis |
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Autor : |
TALMÓN, D. |
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Afiliación : |
DANIEL ENRIQUE TALMÓN TRAVERS, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 12900, Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Eficiencia y partición energética de dos líneas genéticas Holando bajo pastoreo: tesis MSc. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Montevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente, 2020. Tesis Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Animales. |
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Páginas : |
65 p. |
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Idioma : |
Español |
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Notas : |
Tesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por el Ing. Agr. (PhD) Pablo Chilibroste, el DMTV (PhD) Martín Aguerre y el Prof. (PhD) Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos el 26 de noviembre de 2020. Autor: Ing. Agr. Daniel Talmón. Director: Ing. Agr. (PhD) Diego Mattiauda, Co-directores: Ing. Agr. (PhD) Mariana Carriquiry y Ing. Agr. (PhD) Alejandro Mendoza. |
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Contenido : |
RESUMEN:
El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos líneas genéticas Holando (Holando neozelandés vs. Holando norteamericano; HNZ vs. HNA) sobre la partición de la energía metabolizable consumida (CEM) entre la producción de calor (PC) y la energía retenida (ER) de vacas lecheras en pastoreo. Se realizaron dos experimentos; en el experimento 1, las vacas fueron alimentadas mediante pastoreo y suplementadas con 1/3 de la dieta con concentrado mientras que en el experimento 2 las vacas se alimentaron exclusivamente con pastura mediante pastoreo. La PC se midió utilizando la técnica del pulso de O2 y la ER en leche se calculó en base a la producción de leche y su composición mientras que la ER en tejido se estimó a través de los cambios en peso vivo (PV) y condición corporal. En el experimento 1, las vacas HNA presentaron mayor PC y PC residual que se asoció con mayores requerimientos de energía
metabolizable de mantenimiento (EMm) que las vacas HNZ. Sin embargo, a pesar de las diferencias en PC, la retención de la energía metabolizable consumida (ER/CEM) no fue afectada por la línea genética Holando. Por otro lado, en el experimento 2, las
vacas HNZ presentaron un mayor consumo de pastura en relación a su PV que determinó un mayor CEM (kJ/kgPV0,75/d) que en las vacas HNA. El mayor CEM permitió una mayor dilución de los requerimientos de mantenimiento en las vacas HNZ resultando una mayor eficiencia alimenticia y ER/CEM. Los resultados de estosexperimentosindicarían que la EMm (kJ/kgPV0,75/d) fue 10% mayor en las vacas HNA que HNZ, lo que probablemente pueda asociarse a un mayor tamaño relativo de órganos internos y/o una mayor proporción de proteína en su composición corporal como consecuencia de su selección genética. Se puede concluir que las vacas HNZ
tendrían una mayor partición energética hacia la producción de leche que las vacas HNA cuando son alimentadas exclusivamente bajo pastoreo sin suplementación, mientras que estas diferencias no se expresarían bajo un sistema pastoril con alta
suplementación con concentrado que permita levantar, al menos parcialmente, las restricciones en el CEM que impone el pastoreo en las vacas de alta producción (HNA).
SUMMARY:
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of two Holstein strains (New Zealand Holstein vs. North American Holstein; NZH vs. NAH) on the partitioning of the metabolizable energy intake (MEI) between heat production (HP) and retained energy (RE) in grazing dairy cows. Two experiments were carried out; in experiment 1, dairy cows grazed pasture and were supplemented with 1/3 of the diet as concentrate while in experiment 2, dairy cows only grazed pasture without supplementation. The HP was measured using the O2 pulse technique and RE in milk was calculated based on milk production and its composition while RE in tissue was estimated through
changes in body weight (BW) and body condition score. In experiment 1, NAH cows had greater HP and residual HP, which were associated with a greater metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance (MEm), than NZH cows. However, despite the
differences in HP, the energy partitioning of the MEI towards milk production and tissue (RE/MEI) did not differ between Holstein strains. On the other hand, in experiment 2, NZH cows had a greater pasture intake related to their BW and therefore,a greater MEI (kJ/kgBW0.75/d) than NAH cows. The greater MEI led to a greater dilution of the maintenance energy requirements for NZH than NAH cows which increased feed efficiency and RE/MEI in the former ones. The results of these experiments would indicate that MEm (kJ/kgBW0.75/d) was 10% greater for NAH than NZH cows which could probably be associated with a greater relative size of the
internal organs and a greater proportion of body protein as consequence of the genetic selection. Moreover, we concluded that NZH cows could have a greater energy partitioning towards milk production than NAH cows when they are managed under a
grazing system without supplementation. However, these differences are not expected when they are managed under a grazing system with supplementation of concentrate which allows to partially reduce MEI restrictions imposed by grazing conditions
especially challenging for high-producing dairy cows (NAH). MenosRESUMEN:
El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos líneas genéticas Holando (Holando neozelandés vs. Holando norteamericano; HNZ vs. HNA) sobre la partición de la energía metabolizable consumida (CEM) entre la producción de calor (PC) y la energía retenida (ER) de vacas lecheras en pastoreo. Se realizaron dos experimentos; en el experimento 1, las vacas fueron alimentadas mediante pastoreo y suplementadas con 1/3 de la dieta con concentrado mientras que en el experimento 2 las vacas se alimentaron exclusivamente con pastura mediante pastoreo. La PC se midió utilizando la técnica del pulso de O2 y la ER en leche se calculó en base a la producción de leche y su composición mientras que la ER en tejido se estimó a través de los cambios en peso vivo (PV) y condición corporal. En el experimento 1, las vacas HNA presentaron mayor PC y PC residual que se asoció con mayores requerimientos de energía
metabolizable de mantenimiento (EMm) que las vacas HNZ. Sin embargo, a pesar de las diferencias en PC, la retención de la energía metabolizable consumida (ER/CEM) no fue afectada por la línea genética Holando. Por otro lado, en el experimento 2, las
vacas HNZ presentaron un mayor consumo de pastura en relación a su PV que determinó un mayor CEM (kJ/kgPV0,75/d) que en las vacas HNA. El mayor CEM permitió una mayor dilución de los requerimientos de mantenimiento en las vacas HNZ resultando una mayor eficiencia alimenticia y ER/CEM. Los resultados de estosexperimentosindicaría... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
CALORIMETRÍA INDIRECTA; DAIRY CATTLE; Energy expenditure; Gasto energético; INDIRECT CALORIMETRY. |
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Thesagro : |
GANADO LECHERO. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L01 Ganadería |
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Marc : |
LEADER 05488nam a2200205 a 4500
001 1062962
005 2022-04-12
008 2020 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aTALMÓN, D.
245 $aEficiencia y partición energética de dos líneas genéticas Holando bajo pastoreo$btesis MSc.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aMontevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente, 2020. Tesis Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Animales.$c2020
300 $a65 p.
500 $aTesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por el Ing. Agr. (PhD) Pablo Chilibroste, el DMTV (PhD) Martín Aguerre y el Prof. (PhD) Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos el 26 de noviembre de 2020. Autor: Ing. Agr. Daniel Talmón. Director: Ing. Agr. (PhD) Diego Mattiauda, Co-directores: Ing. Agr. (PhD) Mariana Carriquiry y Ing. Agr. (PhD) Alejandro Mendoza.
520 $aRESUMEN: El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos líneas genéticas Holando (Holando neozelandés vs. Holando norteamericano; HNZ vs. HNA) sobre la partición de la energía metabolizable consumida (CEM) entre la producción de calor (PC) y la energía retenida (ER) de vacas lecheras en pastoreo. Se realizaron dos experimentos; en el experimento 1, las vacas fueron alimentadas mediante pastoreo y suplementadas con 1/3 de la dieta con concentrado mientras que en el experimento 2 las vacas se alimentaron exclusivamente con pastura mediante pastoreo. La PC se midió utilizando la técnica del pulso de O2 y la ER en leche se calculó en base a la producción de leche y su composición mientras que la ER en tejido se estimó a través de los cambios en peso vivo (PV) y condición corporal. En el experimento 1, las vacas HNA presentaron mayor PC y PC residual que se asoció con mayores requerimientos de energía metabolizable de mantenimiento (EMm) que las vacas HNZ. Sin embargo, a pesar de las diferencias en PC, la retención de la energía metabolizable consumida (ER/CEM) no fue afectada por la línea genética Holando. Por otro lado, en el experimento 2, las vacas HNZ presentaron un mayor consumo de pastura en relación a su PV que determinó un mayor CEM (kJ/kgPV0,75/d) que en las vacas HNA. El mayor CEM permitió una mayor dilución de los requerimientos de mantenimiento en las vacas HNZ resultando una mayor eficiencia alimenticia y ER/CEM. Los resultados de estosexperimentosindicarían que la EMm (kJ/kgPV0,75/d) fue 10% mayor en las vacas HNA que HNZ, lo que probablemente pueda asociarse a un mayor tamaño relativo de órganos internos y/o una mayor proporción de proteína en su composición corporal como consecuencia de su selección genética. Se puede concluir que las vacas HNZ tendrían una mayor partición energética hacia la producción de leche que las vacas HNA cuando son alimentadas exclusivamente bajo pastoreo sin suplementación, mientras que estas diferencias no se expresarían bajo un sistema pastoril con alta suplementación con concentrado que permita levantar, al menos parcialmente, las restricciones en el CEM que impone el pastoreo en las vacas de alta producción (HNA). SUMMARY: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of two Holstein strains (New Zealand Holstein vs. North American Holstein; NZH vs. NAH) on the partitioning of the metabolizable energy intake (MEI) between heat production (HP) and retained energy (RE) in grazing dairy cows. Two experiments were carried out; in experiment 1, dairy cows grazed pasture and were supplemented with 1/3 of the diet as concentrate while in experiment 2, dairy cows only grazed pasture without supplementation. The HP was measured using the O2 pulse technique and RE in milk was calculated based on milk production and its composition while RE in tissue was estimated through changes in body weight (BW) and body condition score. In experiment 1, NAH cows had greater HP and residual HP, which were associated with a greater metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance (MEm), than NZH cows. However, despite the differences in HP, the energy partitioning of the MEI towards milk production and tissue (RE/MEI) did not differ between Holstein strains. On the other hand, in experiment 2, NZH cows had a greater pasture intake related to their BW and therefore,a greater MEI (kJ/kgBW0.75/d) than NAH cows. The greater MEI led to a greater dilution of the maintenance energy requirements for NZH than NAH cows which increased feed efficiency and RE/MEI in the former ones. The results of these experiments would indicate that MEm (kJ/kgBW0.75/d) was 10% greater for NAH than NZH cows which could probably be associated with a greater relative size of the internal organs and a greater proportion of body protein as consequence of the genetic selection. Moreover, we concluded that NZH cows could have a greater energy partitioning towards milk production than NAH cows when they are managed under a grazing system without supplementation. However, these differences are not expected when they are managed under a grazing system with supplementation of concentrate which allows to partially reduce MEI restrictions imposed by grazing conditions especially challenging for high-producing dairy cows (NAH).
650 $aGANADO LECHERO
653 $aCALORIMETRÍA INDIRECTA
653 $aDAIRY CATTLE
653 $aEnergy expenditure
653 $aGasto energético
653 $aINDIRECT CALORIMETRY
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INIA La Estanzuela (LE) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha actual : |
21/02/2014 |
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Actualizado : |
13/12/2018 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
A - 1 |
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Autor : |
SÁNCHEZ, J. P.; MISZTAL, I.; AGUILAR, I.; BERTRAND, J. K. |
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Afiliación : |
J. P. SÁNCHEZ, Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, United States; Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Spain; I. MISZTAL, Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, United States; IGNACIO AGUILAR GARCIA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; J. K. BERTRAND, Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, United States. |
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Título : |
Genetic evaluation of growth in a multibreed beef cattle population using random regression-linear spline models. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2008 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 86 (2): 267-277. |
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ISSN : |
0021-8812 |
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DOI : |
10.2527/jas.2007-0064 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received January 24, 2007. // Accepted October 2, 2007. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of using random regression-spline (RR-spline) models for fitting growth traits in a multibreed beef cattle population. To meet the objective, the results from the RR-spline model were compared with the widely used multitrait (MT) model when both were fit to a data set (1.8 million records and 1.1 million animals) provided by the American Gelbvieh Association. The effect of prior information on the EBV of sires was also investigated. In both RR-spline and MT models, the following effects were considered: individual direct and maternal additive genetic effects, contemporary group, age of the animal at measurement, direct and maternal heterosis, and direct and maternal additive genetic mean effect of the breed. Additionally, the RR-spline model included an individual direct permanent environmental effect. When both MT and RR-spline models were applied to a data set containing records for weaning weight (WWT) and yearling weight (YWT) within specified age ranges, the rankings of bulls' direct EBV (as measured via Pearson correlations) provided by both models were comparable, with slightly greater differences in the reranking of bulls observed for YWT evaluations (≥0.99 for BWT and WWT and ≥0.98 for YWT); also, some bulls dropped from the top 100 list when these lists were compared across methods. For maternal effects, the estimated correlations were slightly smaller, particularly for YWT; again, some drops from the top 100 animals were observed. As in regular MT multibreed genetic evaluations, the heterosis effects and the additive genetic effects of the breed could not be estimated from field data, because there were not enough contemporary groups with the proper composition of purebred and crossbred animals; thus, prior information based on literature values had to be included. The inclusion of prior information had a negligible effect in the overall ranking for bulls with greater than 20 birth weight progeny records; however, the effect of prior information for breeds or groups poorly represented in the data was important. The Pearson correlations for direct and maternal WWT and YWT ranged from 0.95 to 0.98 when comparing evaluations of data sets for which the out-of-range age records were removed or retained. Random regression allows for avoiding the discarding of records that are outside the usual age ranges of measurement; thus, greater accuracies are achieved, and greater genetic progress could be expected.
©2008 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. MenosABSTRACT.
The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of using random regression-spline (RR-spline) models for fitting growth traits in a multibreed beef cattle population. To meet the objective, the results from the RR-spline model were compared with the widely used multitrait (MT) model when both were fit to a data set (1.8 million records and 1.1 million animals) provided by the American Gelbvieh Association. The effect of prior information on the EBV of sires was also investigated. In both RR-spline and MT models, the following effects were considered: individual direct and maternal additive genetic effects, contemporary group, age of the animal at measurement, direct and maternal heterosis, and direct and maternal additive genetic mean effect of the breed. Additionally, the RR-spline model included an individual direct permanent environmental effect. When both MT and RR-spline models were applied to a data set containing records for weaning weight (WWT) and yearling weight (YWT) within specified age ranges, the rankings of bulls' direct EBV (as measured via Pearson correlations) provided by both models were comparable, with slightly greater differences in the reranking of bulls observed for YWT evaluations (≥0.99 for BWT and WWT and ≥0.98 for YWT); also, some bulls dropped from the top 100 list when these lists were compared across methods. For maternal effects, the estimated correlations were slightly smaller, particularly for YWT; again, som... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
BEEF CATTLE; GROWTH; MULTIBREED; RANDOM REGRESSION MODEL; SPLINE. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L01 Ganadería |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03374naa a2200253 a 4500
001 1012853
005 2018-12-13
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a0021-8812
024 7 $a10.2527/jas.2007-0064$2DOI
100 1 $aSÁNCHEZ, J. P.
245 $aGenetic evaluation of growth in a multibreed beef cattle population using random regression-linear spline models.
260 $c2008
500 $aArticle history: Received January 24, 2007. // Accepted October 2, 2007.
520 $aABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of using random regression-spline (RR-spline) models for fitting growth traits in a multibreed beef cattle population. To meet the objective, the results from the RR-spline model were compared with the widely used multitrait (MT) model when both were fit to a data set (1.8 million records and 1.1 million animals) provided by the American Gelbvieh Association. The effect of prior information on the EBV of sires was also investigated. In both RR-spline and MT models, the following effects were considered: individual direct and maternal additive genetic effects, contemporary group, age of the animal at measurement, direct and maternal heterosis, and direct and maternal additive genetic mean effect of the breed. Additionally, the RR-spline model included an individual direct permanent environmental effect. When both MT and RR-spline models were applied to a data set containing records for weaning weight (WWT) and yearling weight (YWT) within specified age ranges, the rankings of bulls' direct EBV (as measured via Pearson correlations) provided by both models were comparable, with slightly greater differences in the reranking of bulls observed for YWT evaluations (≥0.99 for BWT and WWT and ≥0.98 for YWT); also, some bulls dropped from the top 100 list when these lists were compared across methods. For maternal effects, the estimated correlations were slightly smaller, particularly for YWT; again, some drops from the top 100 animals were observed. As in regular MT multibreed genetic evaluations, the heterosis effects and the additive genetic effects of the breed could not be estimated from field data, because there were not enough contemporary groups with the proper composition of purebred and crossbred animals; thus, prior information based on literature values had to be included. The inclusion of prior information had a negligible effect in the overall ranking for bulls with greater than 20 birth weight progeny records; however, the effect of prior information for breeds or groups poorly represented in the data was important. The Pearson correlations for direct and maternal WWT and YWT ranged from 0.95 to 0.98 when comparing evaluations of data sets for which the out-of-range age records were removed or retained. Random regression allows for avoiding the discarding of records that are outside the usual age ranges of measurement; thus, greater accuracies are achieved, and greater genetic progress could be expected. ©2008 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.
653 $aBEEF CATTLE
653 $aGROWTH
653 $aMULTIBREED
653 $aRANDOM REGRESSION MODEL
653 $aSPLINE
700 1 $aMISZTAL, I.
700 1 $aAGUILAR, I.
700 1 $aBERTRAND, J. K.
773 $tJournal of Animal Science, 2008, 86 (2): 267-277.
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