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 | Acceso al texto completo restringido a Biblioteca INIA La Estanzuela. Por información adicional contacte bib_le@inia.org.uy. |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
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Fecha : |
24/02/2021 |
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Actualizado : |
24/02/2021 |
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Autor : |
MENESES, L. |
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Afiliación : |
LUCÍA VALERIA MENESES MEDINA, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, UY. |
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Título : |
Diversidad de endófitos en Bromus auleticus trinus (ex ness): implicancias adaptativas : tesis Magister en Ciencias Agrarias. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Montevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente, 2020. |
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Idioma : |
Español |
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Notas : |
Tesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por Dr. Sandra Lupo, Dr. Leticia Bao y PhD.Clara Pritsch, el 11 de diciembre de 2020. Autora: Ing Agr. Lucía Meneses. Director:PhD Federico Condón, Co-director Dr. Leopoldo Iannone. Tesis de Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Vegetales. |
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Contenido : |
RESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción
disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrapoblacional (9 poblaciones con dos genotipos de endófitos). En total se identificaron nueve genotipos con diferentes capacidades toxicogénicas potenciales. La caracterización química y morfológica de los genotipos permitió inferir a los linajes que les dieron origen. Estos elementos apoyan la hipótesis sobre la presencia de linajes no descriptos aún en esta gramínea hospedera. El ensayo de antibiosis logró identificar la acción antiáfido para
el genotipo productor de lolinas. Este endófito pasa a ser una de las opciones más atractivas a considerar como herramienta en un programa de mejoramiento de Bromus auleticus para obtener cultivares con buenas características agronómicas.
SUMMARY: Fungal endophytes of the genus Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infect temperate grasses.These endophytes may confer their hosts adaptive advantages against stresses, such as herbivory, attributable in part to their ability to produce different classes of alkaloids.
Due to the benefits that hosts receive from their symbiosis, endophytes of this genus have been extensively studied and are considered important components of sustainable agriculture. Despite that, there are few studies on endophytic incidence of native grasses in the southern hemisphere. Here, we present the first nationwide characterization study of native endophytes associated with 83 populations of Bromus
auleticus. This study was conducted using a multifaceted approach that included: i) genetic analysis to identify genotypes by detection of genes associated with alkaloid biosynthesis and mating type, ii) morphological characterization of endophytes with different genotypes isolated in axenic medium, iii) peramine, chanoclavin I and ergovaline expression analysis by HPLC, and iv) antibiosis tests to determine deterrent
action against Rhopalosiphum padi of prevalent endophyte genotypes. Results indicate that 70% of the tested populations were endophyte infected, with seed incidence levels of 16 to 100%. Endophyte diversity was found at both inter- and intra-population levels
(8 populations presented two endophyte genotypes). Overall, nine genotypes with potentially different toxicogenic profiles were identified. Lineages that gave origin to these genotypes were inferred from the chemical and morphological characterization.These findings support the hypothesis of the existence of lineages not yet described in this host grass species. The antibiosis test showed anti-aphid action of the putative
loline-producing genotype. This endophyte constitutes a promising option to be included in Bromus auleticus breeding programs, thus obtaining cultivars with good agronomic characteristics (e.g. resistant to aphids). MenosRESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción
disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrap... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
BIOCONTROL; ENDÓFITOS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; METABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS; NATIVE GRASS; SECIBDARY METABOLITES; SIMBIONTES; SYMBIONTS. |
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Thesagro : |
DIVERSIDAD GENETICA; HONGOS PATOGENOS. |
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Asunto categoría : |
H20 Enfermedades de las plantas |
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Marc : |
LEADER 05299nam a2200241 a 4500
001 1061758
005 2021-02-24
008 2020 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMENESES, L.
245 $aDiversidad de endófitos en Bromus auleticus trinus (ex ness)$bimplicancias adaptativas : tesis Magister en Ciencias Agrarias.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aMontevideo (Uruguay): UdelaR, FAGRO, Unidad de Posgrados y Educación Permanente$c2020
500 $aTesis aprobada por el tribunal integrado por Dr. Sandra Lupo, Dr. Leticia Bao y PhD.Clara Pritsch, el 11 de diciembre de 2020. Autora: Ing Agr. Lucía Meneses. Director:PhD Federico Condón, Co-director Dr. Leopoldo Iannone. Tesis de Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias opción Ciencias Vegetales.
520 $aRESUMEN: Los endófitos del género Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infectan gramíneas de zonas templadas. Estos endófitos pueden conferir ventajas adaptativas frente a estreses y herbivoría, atribuible en parte a la capacidad de producir diferentes clases de alcaloides. Debido a los beneficios que los hospederos pueden recibir de la simbiosis, los endófitos del género Epichloë han sido ampliamente estudiados y se consideran componentes importantes de la agricultura sostenible, existiendo pocos estudios sobre la incidencia endófita en pastos nativos del hemisferio sur. Aquí, presentamos el primer estudio a nivel nacional de caracterización de endófitos nativos asociados a 83 poblaciones de Bromus auleticus. El estudio de la diversidad de endófitos presentó un abordaje multifacético de: i) análisis genéticos para identificar genotipos mediante la detección por PCR multiplex de genes asociados a la biosíntesis de alcaloides y tipo de apareamiento, ii) aislar en medio axénico endófitos correspondientes a cada genotipo identificado para realizar una caracterización morfológica, iii) analizar la expresión de alcaloides (peramina, chanoclavina I y ergovalina) por HPLC, e iv) identificar a partir de los endófitos prevalentes que genotipos presentaban acción disuasiva a Rhopalosiphum padi mediante ensayos de antibiosis . Encontramos que el 70% de las poblaciones presentaron infección, con incidencias de 17 al 100%. Se determinó la existencia de diversidad endofítica tanto inter como intrapoblacional (9 poblaciones con dos genotipos de endófitos). En total se identificaron nueve genotipos con diferentes capacidades toxicogénicas potenciales. La caracterización química y morfológica de los genotipos permitió inferir a los linajes que les dieron origen. Estos elementos apoyan la hipótesis sobre la presencia de linajes no descriptos aún en esta gramínea hospedera. El ensayo de antibiosis logró identificar la acción antiáfido para el genotipo productor de lolinas. Este endófito pasa a ser una de las opciones más atractivas a considerar como herramienta en un programa de mejoramiento de Bromus auleticus para obtener cultivares con buenas características agronómicas. SUMMARY: Fungal endophytes of the genus Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae) infect temperate grasses.These endophytes may confer their hosts adaptive advantages against stresses, such as herbivory, attributable in part to their ability to produce different classes of alkaloids. Due to the benefits that hosts receive from their symbiosis, endophytes of this genus have been extensively studied and are considered important components of sustainable agriculture. Despite that, there are few studies on endophytic incidence of native grasses in the southern hemisphere. Here, we present the first nationwide characterization study of native endophytes associated with 83 populations of Bromus auleticus. This study was conducted using a multifaceted approach that included: i) genetic analysis to identify genotypes by detection of genes associated with alkaloid biosynthesis and mating type, ii) morphological characterization of endophytes with different genotypes isolated in axenic medium, iii) peramine, chanoclavin I and ergovaline expression analysis by HPLC, and iv) antibiosis tests to determine deterrent action against Rhopalosiphum padi of prevalent endophyte genotypes. Results indicate that 70% of the tested populations were endophyte infected, with seed incidence levels of 16 to 100%. Endophyte diversity was found at both inter- and intra-population levels (8 populations presented two endophyte genotypes). Overall, nine genotypes with potentially different toxicogenic profiles were identified. Lineages that gave origin to these genotypes were inferred from the chemical and morphological characterization.These findings support the hypothesis of the existence of lineages not yet described in this host grass species. The antibiosis test showed anti-aphid action of the putative loline-producing genotype. This endophyte constitutes a promising option to be included in Bromus auleticus breeding programs, thus obtaining cultivars with good agronomic characteristics (e.g. resistant to aphids).
650 $aDIVERSIDAD GENETICA
650 $aHONGOS PATOGENOS
653 $aBIOCONTROL
653 $aENDÓFITOS
653 $aGENETIC DIVERSITY
653 $aMETABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS
653 $aNATIVE GRASS
653 $aSECIBDARY METABOLITES
653 $aSIMBIONTES
653 $aSYMBIONTS
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Registro original : |
INIA La Estanzuela (LE) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha actual : |
29/10/2019 |
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Actualizado : |
12/11/2019 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
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Autor : |
URRABURU, M.; AGUAYO, E.; ZOPPOLO, R.; SILVEIRA, A.C. |
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Afiliación : |
MARIANA URRABURU BORDON, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; E. AGUAYO, Grupo de Postrecoleccio?n y Refrigeracio?n, Universidad Polite?cnica de Cartagena, Spain; ROBERTO JOSE ZOPPOLO GOLDSCHMIDT, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; A.C. SILVEIRA, Poscosecha de Frutas y Hortalizas, Departamento de Produccio?n Vegetal, Facultad de Agronom??a, Universidad de La Repu?blica, Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Postharvest and functional behavior of some feijoa genetic materials. (Conference paper). |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2018 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Acta Horticulturae, 2018, no. 1194, pages 73-78. |
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Serie : |
(Acta Horticulturae; 1194) |
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ISBN : |
978-94-62611-90-0 |
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ISSN : |
0567-7572 (print) / 2406-6168 (electronic) |
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DOI : |
10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1194.12 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
In: Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 1194: VIII International Postharvest Symposium: Enhancing Supply Chain and Consumer Benefits - Ethical and Technological Issues. Editors: F. Artés-Hernández, P.A. Gómez, E. Aguayo, F. Artés. Publication date: 4 april 2018. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Feijoa (Acca sellowiana (Berg.) Burret) is one of the most popular native Uruguayan trees whose functional characteristics have attracted the interest for commercial cultivation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the postharvest behavior of six genetic materials, identified as 95, 97, 98, 152, 153 and 154 from the Facultad de Agronomía and Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA, Uruguay) breeding program. Fruits harvested at two maturity stages (M1: not easily picked; M2: touch picking) were stored for 0, 15 and 30 days at 5°C and 95% relative humidity (RH) plus 7 days at 18°C (shelf life). Respiration rates and ethylene emissions were measured every 3 days, while flesh firmness, weight loss and total polyphenol content were evaluated at the end of the storage period and during shelf life. The respiration rate of all the genetic materials was around 27.6 mg kg-1 h-1 of CO2 during the storage period, while ethylene emission was maintained below 100 µL kg-1 h-1 without differences among maturity stages and genetic materials. Fruits harvested at the M1 stage were 40-60% more firm than fruits harvested at the M2 stage. Genetic materials identified as 95 and 98 had the highest firmness results, with values of 150.1 and 145.1 N (M1), 112.6 and 90.4 N (M2) at harvest and 28.8 and 17.4 N (M1) and 17.2 and 15.4 N (M2) after 30 days at 5°C + 7 days at 20°C, respectively. Average weight loss at the end of storage (30+7) was 14.7%. Fruits identified as material 152 had the highest polyphenol content with values at harvest of 2,384.5 mg GAE 100 g-1 DW (M1) and 2,130.7 mg GAE 100 g-1 DW (M2). At the end of the storage period (30+7), total polyphenol contents decreased between 30-70% in the M1 stage and between 20-50% in the M2 stage. Materials 95, 98 and 152 are interesting for commercial production due to their firmness retention and their functional composition.
© 2018 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved MenosABSTRACT.
Feijoa (Acca sellowiana (Berg.) Burret) is one of the most popular native Uruguayan trees whose functional characteristics have attracted the interest for commercial cultivation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the postharvest behavior of six genetic materials, identified as 95, 97, 98, 152, 153 and 154 from the Facultad de Agronomía and Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA, Uruguay) breeding program. Fruits harvested at two maturity stages (M1: not easily picked; M2: touch picking) were stored for 0, 15 and 30 days at 5°C and 95% relative humidity (RH) plus 7 days at 18°C (shelf life). Respiration rates and ethylene emissions were measured every 3 days, while flesh firmness, weight loss and total polyphenol content were evaluated at the end of the storage period and during shelf life. The respiration rate of all the genetic materials was around 27.6 mg kg-1 h-1 of CO2 during the storage period, while ethylene emission was maintained below 100 µL kg-1 h-1 without differences among maturity stages and genetic materials. Fruits harvested at the M1 stage were 40-60% more firm than fruits harvested at the M2 stage. Genetic materials identified as 95 and 98 had the highest firmness results, with values of 150.1 and 145.1 N (M1), 112.6 and 90.4 N (M2) at harvest and 28.8 and 17.4 N (M1) and 17.2 and 15.4 N (M2) after 30 days at 5°C + 7 days at 20°C, respectively. Average weight loss at the end of storage (30+7) was 14.7%. Fruits identified as mater... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
Ethylene; Firmness; Functional quality; Respiration. |
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Thesagro : |
ACCA SELLOWIANA. |
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Asunto categoría : |
F01 Cultivo |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03073naa a2200277 a 4500
001 1060362
005 2019-11-12
008 2018 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
020 $a978-94-62611-90-0
022 $a0567-7572 (print) / 2406-6168 (electronic)
024 7 $a10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1194.12$2DOI
100 1 $aURRABURU, M.
245 $aPostharvest and functional behavior of some feijoa genetic materials. (Conference paper).$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2018
490 $a(Acta Horticulturae; 1194)
500 $aIn: Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 1194: VIII International Postharvest Symposium: Enhancing Supply Chain and Consumer Benefits - Ethical and Technological Issues. Editors: F. Artés-Hernández, P.A. Gómez, E. Aguayo, F. Artés. Publication date: 4 april 2018.
520 $aABSTRACT. Feijoa (Acca sellowiana (Berg.) Burret) is one of the most popular native Uruguayan trees whose functional characteristics have attracted the interest for commercial cultivation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the postharvest behavior of six genetic materials, identified as 95, 97, 98, 152, 153 and 154 from the Facultad de Agronomía and Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA, Uruguay) breeding program. Fruits harvested at two maturity stages (M1: not easily picked; M2: touch picking) were stored for 0, 15 and 30 days at 5°C and 95% relative humidity (RH) plus 7 days at 18°C (shelf life). Respiration rates and ethylene emissions were measured every 3 days, while flesh firmness, weight loss and total polyphenol content were evaluated at the end of the storage period and during shelf life. The respiration rate of all the genetic materials was around 27.6 mg kg-1 h-1 of CO2 during the storage period, while ethylene emission was maintained below 100 µL kg-1 h-1 without differences among maturity stages and genetic materials. Fruits harvested at the M1 stage were 40-60% more firm than fruits harvested at the M2 stage. Genetic materials identified as 95 and 98 had the highest firmness results, with values of 150.1 and 145.1 N (M1), 112.6 and 90.4 N (M2) at harvest and 28.8 and 17.4 N (M1) and 17.2 and 15.4 N (M2) after 30 days at 5°C + 7 days at 20°C, respectively. Average weight loss at the end of storage (30+7) was 14.7%. Fruits identified as material 152 had the highest polyphenol content with values at harvest of 2,384.5 mg GAE 100 g-1 DW (M1) and 2,130.7 mg GAE 100 g-1 DW (M2). At the end of the storage period (30+7), total polyphenol contents decreased between 30-70% in the M1 stage and between 20-50% in the M2 stage. Materials 95, 98 and 152 are interesting for commercial production due to their firmness retention and their functional composition. © 2018 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved
650 $aACCA SELLOWIANA
653 $aEthylene
653 $aFirmness
653 $aFunctional quality
653 $aRespiration
700 1 $aAGUAYO, E.
700 1 $aZOPPOLO, R.
700 1 $aSILVEIRA, A.C.
773 $tActa Horticulturae, 2018, no. 1194, pages 73-78.
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