03272naa a2200325 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200420006002400320010210000180013424501660015226000090031850007560032752014790108365300540256265300180261665300160263465300200265065300210267065300150269165300120270670000160271870000130273470000200274770000150276770000200278270000140280270000140281677301160283010619672021-04-09       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0168-6496 (print); 1574-6941 (online)7 a10.1093/femsec/fiab0232DOI1 aCERECETTO, V.  aReduced tillage, cover crops and organic amendments affect soil microbiota and improve soil health in Uruguayan vegetable farming systems.h[electronic resource]  c2021  aArticle history: Received 05 August 2020; Accepted 04 February 2021; Published 06 February 2021. Editor: Angela Sessitsch. This work was supported by Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Uruguay (Project INIA SA35 - Effect of agricultural management on soil microbiome-implication for plant growth and health), and by Julius Kuhn Institute, Germany. The work of Doreen Babin was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Germany) in the framework of the project DiControl (http://dicontrol.igzev.de/de/; grant number 031B0514C) as part of the BonaRes initiative "Soil as a sustainable resource for the bioeconomy" (https://www.bonares.de/). Corresponding author: Carolina Leoni, E-mail: cleoni@inia.org.uy  aABSTRACT. Conventional tillage and mineral fertilization (CTMF) jeopardize soil health in conventional vegetable production systems. Using a field experiment established in Uruguay in 2012, we aimed to compare the soil restoration potential of organic fertilization (compost and poultry manure) combined with conventional tillage and cover crop incorporated into the soil (CTOF) or with reduced tillage and the use of cover crop as mulch (RTOF). In 2017, table beet was cultivated under CTMF, CTOF and RTOF, and yields, soil aggregate composition and nutrients, as well as soil and table beet rhizosphere microbiota (here: bacteria and archaea) were evaluated. Microbiota was studied by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from total community DNA. RTOF exhibited higher soil aggregation, soil organic C, nutrient availability and microbial alpha-diversity than CTMF, and became more similar to an adjacent natural undisturbed site. The soil microbiota was strongly shaped by the fertilization source which was conveyed to the rhizosphere and resulted in differentially abundant taxa. However, 229 amplicon sequencing variants were found to form the core table beet rhizosphere microbiota shared among managements. In conclusion, our study shows that after only 5 years of implementation, RTOF improves soil health under intensive vegetable farming systems. Copyright © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.  a16S rRNA gene high-throughput amplicon sequencing  aFertilization  aRhizosphere  aSoil properties  aSoil restoration  aTable beet  aTillage1 aSMALLA , K.1 aNESME, J1 aGARAYCOCHEA, S.1 aFRESIA, P.1 aSØRENSEN, S.J.1 aBABIN, D.1 aLEONI, C.  tFEMS Microbiology Ecology, March 2021, Volume 97, Issue 3, fiab023. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiab023