04037naa a2200385 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400520007410000150012624501630014126000090030450008510031352020330116465000240319765300230322165300100324465300230325465300190327765300380329665300100333470000130334470000150335770000160337270000160338870000180340470000150342270000160343770000140345370000150346770000190348270000150350170000140351677301210353010652942025-07-17       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0040-57527 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-025-04937-52DOI1 aRIELLA, V.  aWheat yellow rust in Uruguaybunderstanding the genetic resistance in a panel of breeding and commercial germplasm. (Original article).h[electronic resource]  c2025  aArticle history: Received 22 January 2025, Accepted 22 May 2025, Published online 11 June 2025. -- Corresponding author: V. Riella, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Sistema Agrícola-Ganadero, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50, km 11, Colonia, 70006, Uruguay, Email: vriella@fagro.edu.uy -- Funding: This research was supported by the National Agency of Research and Innovation of Uruguay (ANII) through the INNOVAGRO program grant FSA_1_2018_1_152918 and POS_FSA_2019_2_1009141, the Sectoral Commission for Scientific Research of Uruguay (CSIC) through the research initiation program 22320200200059UD, and the Postgraduate Academic Commission (CAP) scholarship for completion of postgraduate studies. -- Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH.  -- Incluye Supplementary Information.  aABSTRACT.- Key message: Eight QTL conferring additive APR to YR were identified in wheat germplasm using GWAS. The high accuracy of GP models supports the feasibility of accelerating breeding for YR resistance. Abstract: Wheat yellow rust (YR), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is among the most devastating diseases affecting wheat worldwide. Since 2000, YR has expanded into regions where it was previously not considered an economically important disease. The deployment of YR-resistant cultivars remains the most effective and sustainable control strategy. We assembled a diverse mapping panel (i) identify genomic regions associated with YR resistance using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and (ii) assess the prediction accuracy of genomic prediction (GP) models for YR resistance. The panel of 366 wheat lines, including germplasm from INIA-Uruguay and other breeding programs, was phenotyped under artificial field inoculations in 2021 and 2022, and at the seedling stage using the same two Pst races used for field inoculations. GWAS-identified eight genomic regions associated with field resistance, located on chromosomes 1B, 2B (three regions), 5B (two regions), 5D, 7B, explaining 4.9-21.2% of the phenotypic variability. None of these regions were identified with seedling resistance to race Triticale2015b, the most widely virulent race, indicating that they conferred adult-plant resistance. Moreover, these regions did not correspond to previously reported Yr genes. Two QTL on 2D and 3A were identified at the seedling stage to race Triticale2015a but did not contribute to field resistance. GP models achieved an average prediction ability of 0.64, highlighting their potential for accelerating the selection of resistant lines. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of YR and offer robust tools for enhancing YR resistance breeding efforts in wheat. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.  aTriticum aestivum L  aDisease Resistance  aFUNGI  aINIA LA ESTANZUELA  aPlant diseases  aSISTEMA AGRÍCOLA-GANADERO - INIA  aWHEAT1 aLADO, B.1 aCONDON, F.1 aPRITSCH, C.1 aQUINCKE, M.1 aKAVANOVÁ, M.1 aGARCIA, R.1 aPEREIRA, F.1 aPEREZ, N.1 aCASTRO, A.1 aGUTIÉRREZ, L.1 aGERMAN, S.1 aSILVA, P.  tTheoretical and Applied Genetics, 2025, Volume 138, Issue 7, article 145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-025-04937-5